Zno gapless lightning arrester or surge arrester electrical4u. A surge arrester is a device to protect electrical equipment from overvoltage transients caused by external lightning or internal switching events. Each piece of electrical equipment in an electrical system needs to be protected from voltage surges. This paper describes simplified modeling of metal oxide surge arrester mosa to operate analysis. Products include surge arresters used in medium and highvoltage ac and dc power systems, gaps not inherently selfclearing, capacitors of the type generally used for protection against lightning, and resistors designed to protect from lightning or other abnormal voltages to circuits or. A variety of documents deal with the subject of surge arrester installation. Surge arresters and lightning current arresters from dehn offer reliable protection against these hazards. A surge arrester is capable of repeating these functions a large number of times as specified. Surge arrestors atach directly to the twowire path and help dissipate electricity generated by nearby lightning strikes and other electromagne c events. Apr 11, 2016 a lightning arrester is a device, used on power systems, that contains billions of electronic switches that divert lightning around sensitive equipment and saves 44. While lightning current arresters class 1 are used to protect against direct lightning surge currents, surge arresters class 2 protect equipment from induced surges in electrical wiring. The value of x is 30 to 40 in case of metal oxide block. Metaloxide surge arresters in highvoltage power systems. Short circuit behaviour surge arresters and counters.
Clearly, this small arrester could not have a higher energy rating than an sh station class arrester. This paper presents a simplified lightning model for distributionclass metal oxide surge arrester derived from the ieee working group wg 3. Observe the mov voltages and currents on scope1 and scope2. For consumer equipment protection, different products. The surge arrester draws little current until the voltage reaches about 45 kv. Also resulting in a different construction of the lightning current arresters tested by the lightning current impulse iimp10350 and surge.
The association of electrical equipment and medical imaging manufacturers. In order to truly evaluate the health of an arrester, testing of the kind made as routine during manufacture would need to be performed. The latter is associated with zno varistors, and the two former arresters were made with sic resistors. A conductor lightning overvoltage forms a spark channel on the surface of the tube and between the sparkover horns fig. A surge arrester is a protective device for limiting surge voltages on equipment by diverting surge current and returning the device to its original status. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. E lightning conductor the main function of the lightning protection system installed on the existing building is to capture a lightning stroke and. Download limit exceeded you have exceeded your daily download allowance. In lightning prone regions, consider grounding every 300 rather than going out to the maximum distance. The basics of surge protection the basics of surge protection. Nov 18, 2016 a surge arrester is a voltage activated the device that protects computers and other electronic equipment from surges or transient voltages in electrical power or data cables, whether it be from lightning or a switching surge. As shown by lfa tests reported in 5,6, a 10 kv arrester performs efficiently with a total flashover length ofl80 cm. Essentially, products with the highest quality levels and cuttingedge technology. Spd surge protective device this is also a surge diverter, but generally for voltages well below volts.
There are two cases are considered under the critical conditions. For normal system, the voltage and current increase. Determine where the arrester should be physically located. Thumb rules for surge arrester installation in different. Research note theoretical and analytical investigation of. Understanding energy rating of distribution arresters. A lightning arrester is a device, used on power systems, that contains billions of electronic switches that divert lightning currents around sensitive equipment and saves them from damage. Ge offers an extensive line of surge arrester products. Also called a surge protection device spd or transient voltage surge suppressor tvss, this class of device is used to protect equipment in power transmission and distribution systems. The catalogues list the available standard arresters from abb of porcelainhoused arresters type exlim and silicone polymerhoused arresters, type pexlim. Types of surge arresters rod gap arrester horn gap arrester multigap arresters expulsion type arrester valve type arresters 46. Highvoltage surge arresters are the primary protection against atmospheric and switching overvoltages. In the present analysis, the peak value of return stroke current is randomly varied, this current being one of the parameters of most influence upon the surges value attained. Arresterfacts 017 what is a transmission line arrester copyright arresterworks 2009 jonathan j.
A lightning arrester is essentially a collection of billions of microscopic junctions of metal oxide grains that turn on and off in microseconds to form a current path from the top terminal to the ground terminal of the arrester. A surge arrester is a device that protects electrical power systems from damages caused by lightning. The lower the arrester voltage rating, the lower the discharge voltage, and the better the protection of the insulation system. This includes basic information on the topics of technology and electronics that applies to all of us. This arrester facts is about the switching surge from an arrester perspective. To prevent damage to electrical equipment, surge protection considerations are paramount to a welldesigned electrical system. For normal system, the voltage and current increases linearly, i. The baseline surge arrestor blla01 is a cri cal part of the surge protec on scheme for the twowire path. This nonlinearity makes them suitable for clamping the voltage to an acceptable level when a high voltage surge comes to transmission equipment due to switching operations or lightning. Maximum voltages at differe nt lightning currents for case 2. The arrester that dissipates the most energy previously considered to be the better arrester if it had a higher energy rating is the 2.
Pdf modelling 2 kv substation for surge arrester studies. The basics of surge protection we dont just want to support you with convincing solutions, but also to be on hand with help and advice. Todays technology for surge arresters intended for use in mediumvoltage systems is the gapless. Place a surge arrestor every 600 on the twowire path. There must be a surge arrestor at the end of the twowire that is the maximum distance from the. The idea is to demonstrate the effect of floating surge arrester missing of copper conductor connected between surge arrester and substation earthing due. Impact of lightning surge on surge arrester placement in. Selection of arrester simplified selection procedure for a detailed selection guide, please refer to abb publications pthvpa 2300e and pthvpa 2310e. Failure study of metaloxide surge arresters sciencedirect. The application and selection of lightning arresters. Research note theoretical and analytical investigation.
Surge protection theory schirtec lightning protection. Since introducing the worlds first metal oxide arrester in 1976, offering new concepts in. Mar 12, 2020 where, i r and v r are the reference current and voltage respectively of the lightning arrester or surge arrester block. A surge arrester works by diverting the extra voltage into the earth wire, rather than flowing through the electronic. Video version for more about lightning arresters go to. The corresponding protection voltage defined at 1 ka or 500a column is 1. A surge arrester is a voltage activated the device that protects computers and other electronic equipment from surges or transient voltages in electrical power or data cables, whether it be from lightning or a switching surge. This ensures that the table disappears invisible for the customer pdf. The shunt inductor is protected by a 2column arrester mov2 at 1. Surge arrester equipment being protected 950 kv bil v 461 kv v distance 10 meters steepness of voltage wave 11 kv s, per kv mcov c speed of light 3 x 10 meters second 300 meters s 10 ka, 820 s discharge voltage of 461 kv v voltage stress at the equipment 10 meters away from the arrester 66% 100 573 377 100 573 950 573 % u u. Jun 22, 2016 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Modelling of metal oxide surge arresters in simulation. A typical surge arrester has both a ground terminal and a highvoltage terminal.
Until that time, the surge arrester voltage is approximately the same. Additional and more detailed information will be given in separate documents with respect to theory, background information, and specific applications. A deterioration of an arresters insulating properties is therefore important to detect early before the situation becomes acute. This guide explains the power factor test procedure of these surge arresters. Depending on the value and expected duration of system overvoltages, it may be necessary to use a 10 kv arrester with an mcov of 8. Effect of surge arrester on overhead transmission lines as. Arrester earthing resistance ohm arrester current amp arrester voltage kv phase conductor voltage kv 5 6. To contemplate the random character of different parameters that lightning overvoltages depend on, these values are being generated randomwise. Each surge arrestor protects a 300 foot radius of the twowire path. Here the length of each of the insulation tube arms is found from the relationship. Iec 6164312 is valid for the installation of energy protection components and iec 6164322 is valid when protecting measurement and control systems. Metal oxide surge arresters modelling in temporary.
Comparison of ieee and pinceti models of surge arresters. This text does not try to add any new data to the vast knowledge database on switching, but is an overview of the effect switching surges have on the power systems and how arresters mitigate that effect. The simulations are performed with the alternative transients program version of electromagnetic transient program atpemtp. Principal failure modes for surge arresters december 28, 2019 december 27, 2019 mohamed ridaallah min read the failure of an arrester almost always results in a complete short circuit inside its housing. External lightning protection is a system that consists of the air terminal, the arresters, and the grounding system. The terms surge protection device spd and transient voltage surge suppressor tvss are used to describe electrical devices typically installed in power distribution panels, process control systems, communications systems, and other heavyduty industrial systems, for the purpose of protecting against electrical surges and spikes, including those caused by lightning. Ab kadir et al modelling 2 kv substation for surge arrester studies published by the berkeley electronic press, 2008 table 4. How surge arrester works berkeys air conditioning, plumbing. The station class arrester has the best protection capability and is the most expensive. When a powerful electric surge travels from the power system to the surge arrester, the high voltage current is sent directly to the insulation or to the ground to. E lightning conductor the main function of the lightning protection system installed on the existing building is to capture a lightning stroke and then conduct discharge current safety to the ground.
Modelling of metal oxide surge arresters in simulation software dynast vladislav sitar 1 and jan veleba 2 1 jan evangelista purkyne university, department of energy and electrical engineering, usti nad labem, czech republic, email. Cable connection tail length it is critical that the length of the leads connecting the surge arrester to the protected equipment and the arrester to the ground bus must be minimized. Now if the capability of absorbed energy of the surge arrester is 350kj, four consecutive discharges in a sequence will result in the arrester breaking again. Short circuit behaviour surge arresters and counters james taylor, abb power products, ludvika, sweden abstract by nature, a surge arrester may be overloaded at any time as part of its normal duty. Arrester must discharge cca 17,5x higher charge during test by the testing impulse of lightning current iimp10350, than during testing by the current impulse imax820 with the same amplitude. This model is a new model proposed pk model to verify the accuracy in order to compare with ieee and pinceti model. Also resulting in a different construction of the lightning current arresters tested by the lightning current impulse iimp10350 and surge arresters tested by the current impulse imax820. Petersburg, fl as a florida resident, you understand how important it is to protect your property from the damage caused by lightning. In most scenarios, failure occurs due to dielectric breakdown, whereby the internal structure has deteriorated to the point where the arrester. Simplified modeling of metal oxide surge arresters. Overvoltage protection metaloxide surge arresters in.
Arresters with extra high energy absorption capacity, such as for capacitor banks or for the ac side protection of hvdc systems, series compensation sc or. In the second case, the absorbed energy of the surge arrester is equal to 90kj. Power factor testing of surge lighting arresters the purpose of a surge lighting arrester is to limit the over voltages that may occur across transformers and other electrical apparatus due either to lightning or switching surges. Arrester, journal of electric power components and systems. Figure 6 shows the surge voltage, the arrester voltage and the arrester current.
If youre ready to install lightning arresters in your home or at your commercial property, contact us today for a free surge arrester estimate in hillsborough or. The vi characteristic of the surge arrester can be assumed by a nonlinear resistance whose variation is exponential, as follows. This places tough demands on their ability to fail safe and not risk damage to equipment or injury to personnel in the vicinity. The surge arrester used from neutral to earth must be specifically designed for this application as in the case of a 3phase installation you can have 3 x 40ka surge arresters, total 120ka, trying to dissipate via this path to earth and a standard 40ka arrester will be overstressed. Estimation of parameters of metaloxide surge arrester. Where, i r and v r are the reference current and voltage respectively of the lightning arrester or surge arrester block.
507 1327 1006 541 251 351 279 1317 1432 5 142 1163 1032 968 647 824 1082 1465 288 1290 1155 1182 985 755 1475 1486 1154 875 1292 1489 487 1022 907